فهم تجربه زیسته مناسبات کار و زندگی در مدیران زن آکادمیک: رویکرد پدیدارشناسی توصیفی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه مدیریت پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

امروزه زندگی شخصی و شغلی افراد، ارتباط و پیوستگی قابل‌ملاحظه‌ای با یکدیگر دارند؛ ازاین‌رو، توسعه دانش نظری در زمینه برهم‌کنش‌ها و روابط پیچیده میان این دو عرصه، درقالب پدیده مناسبات کار و زندگی حائز اهمیت است. هدف این تحقیق، فهم تجربه زیسته هشت نفر از زنان عضو هیئت‌علمی که متصدی مناصب مدیریتی یک پژوهشگاه بودند، در زمینه مناسبات و ترتیبات بین حوزه‌های کار و زندگی بود. بدین‌منظور، از روش پدیدارشناسی توصیفی زیست‌جهان تأملی داهلبرگ استفاده شد. دلیل استفاده از این روش، دستیابی به ساختاری کلی از پدیده مذکور بود که به تک‌تک تغییرات ایجادشده در داده‌ها وابسته باشد؛ نه تعمیم‌پذیری یافته‌ها. مصاحبه‌های عمیق با هشت نفر از اعضای هیئت‌علمی زن که پست مدیریتی داشتند، انجام شد. برای تأیید قابلیت اعتماد تحلیل‌ها و یافته‌ها از سه روش پرسشگری همتایان، تحلیل موارد منفی و اصالت پژوهش استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد، از دید مصاحبه‌شوندگان «پیشینه خانوادگی»، «ادراک خودکارآمدی»، «توان انطباق‌پذیری با شرایط»، «بلندپروازی و شهامت رویارویی با مصائب» و «حمایتگری خانواده و پروای مراقبت»، سویه مثبت مناسبات کار و زندگی را تشکیل می‌دهند. ازطرف‌دیگر، «قیاس‌های بازدارنده»، «تلقین کلیشه‌های جنسیتی»، «حس ناکامی در زندگی»، «اندیش‌پایه‌های جزمی» و «مطالبه‌گری حوزه‌های کار و زندگی»، قالب‌های اصلی تجربه منفی آنان از رویارویی این دو عرصه هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Understanding the Lived Experience of Work-Life Relationships in Female Academic Managers: A Descriptive Phenomenological Approach

نویسنده [English]

  • Elham Ebrahimi
Assistant professor at the Management Research Institute of the Faculty of Humanities and Cultural Studies
چکیده [English]

These days, the personal and professional lives of people are closely related to each other. Hence, improvement of theoretical knowledge in the field of interactions and complex relationships between these two fields, in relation to the phenomenon of work-life relations, seems quite essential. This research is intended to investigate the lived experience of eight female faculty members holding managerial positions in a research institute in relation to the their arrangement of their work lives and everyday lives. The Dahlberg’s reflective world life of descriptive phenomenological method was used for this purpose. The reason for employing this approach was to achieve a general structure of the phenomenon depending on all individual changes made in the data, and not for the generalization of the findings. In-depth interviews were conducted with these eight female faculty members who held managerial positions. Three methods of peer questioning, negative case analysis and research originality were used for the confirmation of the reliability of the analyses and the findings. The results of data analysis revealed that, "family background", " perception of self-efficacy", "capacity to adapt to circumstances", "ambition and courage to face adversities", and "family support and care" contained the positive aspects of work-life relationships. On the other hand, "preventive comparisons", "indoctrination of gender stereotypes", "perception of failure in life", "dogmatic thinking" and "the demands of work life" composed the main negative experience of confronting these two areas.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Work and life relations
  • descriptive phenomenology
  • perceptional life-world
  • female managers
  • faculty members
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