A Pattern for Cognitive Job Crafting in IT Knowledge-based Enterprises

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Business Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba`i University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Associate Professor, Management, Accounting and Management Faculty, Allameh Tabataba`i University , Tehran ,Iran

Abstract

In the gap between the two main theories of job crafting, an important shortcoming is ignoring its cognitive dimension in a significant part of the literature. Achieving more fitness and comfort with his job. The aim of the research is to identify the components of the approach and avoidance in the cognitive job crafting and the individual, job and organizational antecedents affecting its emergence. The present research was conducted with qualitative method and thematic analysis methodology, and it is exploratory in terms of developmental and practical purpose and in terms of implementation method. In order to collect information, an in-depth and semi-structured interview was used with 13 managers and senior engineers who were selected by a targeted method in selected knowledge-based companies in the field of information technology type 1 and 2 in Tehran province. In the resulting model, the components of the approach cognitive crafting with 6 main themes and the components of the avoidance cognitive crafting with 2 main themes are introduced. Also, 9 main themes for individual antecedents, 7 main themes for job antecedents and 9 main themes regarding organizational antecedents affecting the emergence of components of two approaches to cognitive job crafting in knowledge-based companies in the field of information technology are presented.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

اکبرپور محمد، تیزرو علی، (1401). آینده‌پژوهی استراتژی شرکتهای دانش بنیان با رویکرد سناریو نگاری. نشریه علمی مدیریت دانش سازمانی، صص 69-110.
جعفری‌نیا سعید، حسن‌پور اکبر، وکیلی یوسف، کیوان فر جواد، (1399). ارائه الگوی جبران خدمات استراتژیک مدیران ارشد سازمان تامین اجتماعی رویکرد تحلیل تم . مدیریت سازمانهای دولتی، صص 104-124.
جمالی حسین، (1398). بررسی تاثیر رهبری تحول‌آفرین و دگرگون‌سازی شغلی بر دلبستگی شغلی با نقش واسط تناسب شغل و شاغل. شاهرود: دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ‌واحد شاهرود.
دانایی‌فرد حسن، حسینی سید یعقوب، میرزایی شیما، (1393). روش پژوهش مقدماتی. تهران: صفار/ اشراقی.
رستمی علی‌اکبر، (1398). تاثیر استقلال شغلی بر رضایت شغلی از طریق نقش تعدیلگر دگرگون‌سازی شغلی (مورد مطالعه: کارکنان دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شاهرود). شاهرود: دانشکده علوم انسانی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ‌واحد شاهرود.
رضایی مریم، (1401). بازیابی از https://www.isna.ir/:
کمالی طیبه، بهرام زاده حسینعلی، سامانیان مصیب، (1401). ارائه مدل آمادگی ریسک منابع انسانی در صنعت بانکداری (موردمطالعه: بانک ملی خراسان شمالی). پژوهش‌های مدیریت منابع انسانی، سال 14، شماره 2، صص 183-226.
فلاح وحید، عرب فیروزجاه نادعلی، صفاریان همدانی سعید. (1399). ارائه مدلی جهت ایجاد شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان با رویکرد تحلیل راهبردی SWOT. مدیریت راهبردی دانش سازمانی، صص 175-205.
کنجکاو منفرد امیررضا، سعیدا اردکانی سعید، ملک‌پور لیلا، باروت کوب محمدرضا، محب علی مالمیری میلاد (1399). واکاوی تأثیر عوامل پذیرش نوآوری فناورانه و تعهد منابع بر قابلیت‌های مدیریت دانش به‌منظور افزایش مزیت رقابتی (نمونه پژوهش: شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان استان یزد). مدیریت راهبردی دانش سازمانی، صص  147-175.
لوتانز  فرد، (1396). رفتار سازمانی؛ رویکردی مبتنی بر شواهد. (ع. طاهری، م. شعبانی، مترجم) تهران: آوای نور.
یوسف‌زاده مرتضی، (1398). تبیین سکوت سازمانی و دگرگون سازی شغلی کارکنان بر اساس رفتار شهروندی سازمانی و وجدان کاری (مطالعه موردی کارکنان دانشگاه فرهنگیان اردبیل). مشکین شهر: دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مشکین‌شهر.
Bakker, Arnold. B., Demerouti, Evangelia. (2007). The Job Demands-Resources model: state of the art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22(3), 309-328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115.
Berg, Justin M., Wrzesniewski, Amy., Dutton, Jane. E. (2010). Perceiving and responding to challenges in job crafting at different ranks: When proactivity requires adaptivity. Journal of Organizational Behavior,31(2-3), 158-186. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.645
Bruning, Patrick F., Campion , Michael A. (2019). Exploring job crafting: Diagnosing and responding to the ways employees adjust their jobs. Business Horizons, 62(5), 625-635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2019.05.003
Bruning, Patrick F., Campion, Michael A. (2018). A role–resource approach–avoidance model of job crafting: A multimethod integration and extension of job crafting theory. Academy of Management Journal, 61(2), 499-522. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2015.0604
Buonocore, Filomena., Gennaro, Davide. de., Russo, Marcello., Salvatore, Domenico. (2020). Cognitive job crafting: A possible response to increasing job insecurity and declining professional prestige. Human Resource Management Journal, 30(2), 244–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/1748-8583.12270
Canboy, B., Tillou, C., Barzantny, C., Güçlü, B., Benichou, F. (2021). The impact of perceived organizational support on work meaningfulness, engagement and perceived stress in France. European Management Journal.  doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2021.12.004
Costantini, A (2022). Rethinking work: How approach and avoidance features of cognitive crafting are linked with job crafting behaviors and work engagement. Journal of Management & Organization,1-21 . doi:10.1017/jmo.2022.79
Demerouti, Evangelia. (2014). Design Your Own Job Through Job Crafting. European Psychologist, 19(4), 237–247. https://doi.org/10.1027/1016-9040/a000188
Dvorak, K. J. (2014). The theoretical Development and Emperical testing of the measure of job crafting (MJC). (PhD Thesis). Colorado State University, USA.
Gennaro, D. d. (2019). Job Crafting;The Art of Redesigning a Job. Emerald Publishing. ISBN: 978-1-83867-222-5, eISBN: 978-1-83867-219-5
Hackman, J. R. & Oldham, G. R. (1980). Work redesign. Massachusetts: Addison-Wesley.
Harbridge, Rebecca., (2018). Psychological Empowerment and Job Crafting among registered nurses working in public health in Ontario, (PhD Thesis).Central Michigan University, USA.
Huda,  Masood., Karakowsky, Len., Podolsky, Mark. (2021). Exploring job crafting as a response to abusive supervision. Career Development International, 26(2), 174-200. https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-06-2020-0163.
Kim, Haemi., Im, Jinyoung., Qu, Hailin., NamKoong, Julie. (2018). Antecedent and consequences of job crafting: an organizational level approach. International Journal of  Contemporary Hospitality Management. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-01-2017-0040
Knight, Caroline., Tims, Maria., Gawke, Jason., Parker, Sharon K.. (2021). When do job crafting interventions work? The moderating roles of workload, intervention intensity, and participation. Journal of Vocational Behavior (124) 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103522
Lee,  Jeong Won., Song, Youjeong. (2020). Promoting employee job crafting at work: the roles of motivation and team context. Personnel Review, 49(3), 689-708. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-07-2018-0261
Lichtenthaler, Philipp Wolfgang., Fischbach, Andrea. (2018). Leadership, job crafting, and employee health and performance. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 39(5). https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-07-2017-0191
Makikangas, Anne., Schaufeli,  Wilmar. (2021). A person-centered investigation of two dominant job crafting theoretical frameworks and their work-related implications. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 131, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2021.103658
Melo, Newton., Dourado, Débora., Andrade,  Jackeline. (2021). Reclaiming cognitive crafting: an integrative model of behavioral and cognitive practices in job crafting. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(5), 1302-1320. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-04-2020-2130
Niessen, C., Weseler, D., & Kostova, P. (2016). When and why do individuals craft their jobs? The role of individual motivation and work characteristics for job crafting. Human Relations, 69(6), 1287-1313. doi:10.1177/0018726715610642
Nielsen, K., & Abildgaard, J. S. (2012). The development and validation of a job crafting measure for use with blue-collar workers. Work & Stress, 26, 365-384. doi:10.1080/02678373.2012.73354
Noesgaard, Mette Strange., Jørgensen , Frances . (2023). Building organizational commitment through cognitive and relational job crafting. European Management Journal, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2023.01.002
Petrou, Paraskevas., Demerouti, Evangelia., Peeters, Maria C.W., Schaufeli, Wilmar B., Hetland, Jørn. (2012). Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(8), 1120-1141.  https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1783
Rogala, Anna., Cieslak, Roman. (2019). Positive Emotions at Work and Job Crafting: Results From Two Prospective Studies. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02786
Rosso, Brent D., Dekas, Kathryn H., Wrzesniewski, Amy. (2010). On the meaning of work: A theoretical integration and review. Research in Organizational Behavior (30), 91-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2010.09.001
Rudolph, Cort W., Katz, Ian M., Lavigne, Kristi N., Zacher, Hannes. (2017). Job Crafting: A Meta-Analysis of Relationships with Individual Differences, Job Characteristics,and Work Outcomes. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 102, 112-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2017.05.008
Simonet, Daniel V., Castille, Christopher M. (2020) The search for meaningful work: A network analysis of personality and the job characteristic model. Personality and Individual Differences, 152, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.109569
Slemp, Gavin R., Vella-Brodrick, Dianne A. (2013) The job crafting questionnaire: A new scale to measure the extent to which employees engage in job crafting. International Journal of Wellbeing, 3(2), 126-146. doi:10.5502/ijw.v3i2.1
Teng, Hsiu-Yu., Chen,  Chien-Yu. (2019). Proactive personality and job crafting in the tourism industry: Does job resourcefulness matter? Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 41, 110-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2019.10.010
Tian, Wenqing ., wang, Huatian., Rispens, Sonja. (2021). How and When Job Crafting Relates to Employee Creativity: The Important Roles of Work Engagement and Perceived Work Group Status Diversity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(1), 291.  https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18010291
Tims, Maria., Bakker, Arnold. B. (2010). Job crafting: Towards a new model of individual job redesign. Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36(2), 1-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v36i2.841
Tims, Maria., Bakker, Arnold. B., Derks, Daantje. (2012). Development and validation of the job crafting scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80(1), 173-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2011.05.009
Tims, Maria., Bakker, Arnold. B., Derks, Daantje. (2014). Daily job crafting and the self-efficacy – performance relationship. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(5), 490-507. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-05-2012-0148
Vermooten, Nicola., Boonzaier, Billy., Kidd, Martin. (2019). Job crafting, proactive personality and meaningful work: Implications for employee engagement and turnover intention.  Journal of Industrial Psychology, 45(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v45i0.1567
Wang, Hai-Jiang., Xiao,Chen., Lu, Chang-qin. (2020). When career dissatisfaction leads to employee job crafting (The role of job social support and occupational self-efficacy). Career Development International, 25(4), 337-354.  https://doi.org/10.1108/CDI-03-2019-0069.
Watson, G. P. (2020). Towards a better understanding of job crafting in the job demands-resources model: A three-wave study. Clemson University, Master of Scienc Dissertation.
Wingerden, Jessica., Poell, Rob F. (2017). Employees’ Perceived Opportunities to Craft and In-Role Performance: The Mediating Role of Job Crafting and Work Engagement. Frontiers in Psychology, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01876
Wrzesniewsk, A., LoBuglio, N., Dutton, J. E., Berg, J. M. (2013). Job Crafting and Cultivating Positive Meaning and Identity in Work. In Advances in Positive Organizational Psychology. Emerald Group. doi:10.1108/S2046-410X(2013)0000001015
Wrzesniewski, A., Dutton, J. E. (2001). Crafting a job: Revisioning employees as active crafters of their works. Academy of Management Review, 26(2) 179-201.
Yin, K., Xing, L., Li, C., Guo, Y. (2017). Are Empowered Employees More Proactive? The Contingency of How They Evaluate Their Leader. Organizational Psychology, 8, 1-11. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01802
Zhang, Fangfang., Parker, Sharon K. (2019). Reorienting job crafting research: A hierarchical structure of job crafting concepts and integrative review. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 40, 126-146.  https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2332
Journal of Research in Human Resources Management
Volume 15, Issue 4 - Serial Number 54
NO.54, Winter Quarterly
February 2024
Pages 129-166

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 13 September 2023
  • Revise Date: 31 October 2023
  • Accept Date: 20 February 2024

Share

How to cite

Statistics